See bestyjka on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*dʰwes-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰwes-"
],
[
"bēstia",
"bestia#Latin"
],
[
"bestia",
"bestia#Polish"
],
[
"*-keh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kos#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectives"
],
[
"*-kāˀ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/-kāˀ#Proto-Balto-Slavic:_suffix"
],
[
"*-ъka",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ъka#Proto-Slavic:_suffix"
],
[
"-ka",
"-ka#Old_Polish:_nominal"
],
[
"-ka",
"-ka#Polish"
],
[
"bestia",
"bestia#Polish"
],
[
"-ka",
"-ka#Polish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":af",
"3": "bestia",
"4": "-ka",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰwes-der.?\nLatin bēstialbor.\nPolish bestia\nProto-Indo-European *-keh₂der.\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-kāˀ\nProto-Slavic *-ъka\nOld Polish -ka\nPolish -ka\nPolish bestyjka\n[Appendix:Glossary#learned_borrowing|Learned borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰwes-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"bēstia\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"bestia\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nominal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-keh₂\", \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-kos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-kāˀ\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ъka\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"-ka\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"-ka\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"bestyjka\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"bestyjka\">\nFrom bestia + -ka.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰwes-der.?\nLatin bēstialbor.\nPolish bestia\nProto-Indo-European *-keh₂der.\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-kāˀ\nProto-Slavic *-ъka\nOld Polish -ka\nPolish -ka\nPolish bestyjka\nFrom bestia + -ka.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bestyjka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestyjki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bestyjki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestyjek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bestyjce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestyjkom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bestyjkę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestyjki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bestyjką",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestyjkami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bestyjce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestyjkach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bestyjko",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bestyjki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "bestyjka f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"bes‧tyj‧ka"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"bes‧tyj‧ka"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms suffixed with -ka",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "People",
"orig": "pl:People",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "bestia"
}
],
"glosses": [
"diminutive of bestia"
],
"id": "en-bestyjka-pl-noun-LOvhhVxp",
"links": [
[
"bestia",
"bestia#Polish"
]
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "bestialny"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "bestialski"
},
{
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "bestialsko"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "bestializm"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "bestialność"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "bestialstwo"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "bestiarium"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "bestiariusz"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "bestyjnik"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "bestwić"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "zbestwić"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "rozbestwiać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "rozbestwić"
}
],
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"feminine",
"form-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɛsˈtɘj.ka/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɘjka"
}
],
"word": "bestyjka"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*dʰwes-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰwes-"
],
[
"bēstia",
"bestia#Latin"
],
[
"bestia",
"bestia#Polish"
],
[
"*-keh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kos#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectives"
],
[
"*-kāˀ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/-kāˀ#Proto-Balto-Slavic:_suffix"
],
[
"*-ъka",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ъka#Proto-Slavic:_suffix"
],
[
"-ka",
"-ka#Old_Polish:_nominal"
],
[
"-ka",
"-ka#Polish"
],
[
"bestia",
"bestia#Polish"
],
[
"-ka",
"-ka#Polish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":af",
"3": "bestia",
"4": "-ka",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰwes-der.?\nLatin bēstialbor.\nPolish bestia\nProto-Indo-European *-keh₂der.\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-kāˀ\nProto-Slavic *-ъka\nOld Polish -ka\nPolish -ka\nPolish bestyjka\n[Appendix:Glossary#learned_borrowing|Learned borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰwes-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"bēstia\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"bestia\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nominal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-keh₂\", \"id\" : \"adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-kos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-kāˀ\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ъka\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"-ka\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"-ka\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"bestyjka\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"bestyjka\">\nFrom bestia + -ka.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰwes-der.?\nLatin bēstialbor.\nPolish bestia\nProto-Indo-European *-keh₂der.\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-kāˀ\nProto-Slavic *-ъka\nOld Polish -ka\nPolish -ka\nPolish bestyjka\nFrom bestia + -ka.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bestyjka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestyjki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bestyjki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestyjek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bestyjce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestyjkom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bestyjkę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestyjki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bestyjką",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestyjkami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bestyjce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bestyjkach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bestyjko",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bestyjki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "bestyjka f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"bes‧tyj‧ka"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"bes‧tyj‧ka"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "bestialny"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "bestialski"
},
{
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "bestialsko"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "bestializm"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "bestialność"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "bestialstwo"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "bestiarium"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "bestiariusz"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "bestyjnik"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "bestwić"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "zbestwić"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "rozbestwiać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "rozbestwić"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 3-syllable words",
"Polish diminutive nouns",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰwes-",
"Polish terms suffixed with -ka",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɘjka",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɘjka/3 syllables",
"pl:People"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "bestia"
}
],
"glosses": [
"diminutive of bestia"
],
"links": [
[
"bestia",
"bestia#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"feminine",
"form-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɛsˈtɘj.ka/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɘjka"
}
],
"word": "bestyjka"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bestyjka meaning in All languages combined (6.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.